This has been something missing in Teams compare to Zoom, the ability to use annotation on presenter screen.
Well, good news you can now use annotation on presenter screen while in a Teams meeting.
To do so you need start the annotation using the new Start annotation button available when sharing your screen/application
Then giving few second to get the annotation configured; when ready you will get the notification ‘You started annotations. Shared with everyone’
Then you can use any of the annotations available from the toolbar
To stop the annotation just click again on the annotation button you used to start it